Who Was Agent 355 ? Secret Agent of the Culper Spy Ring in the American Revolution

Who Was Agent 355 ?  Secret Agent of the Culper Spy Ring in the American Revolution

Many of Washington’s operatives in the Culper Spy Ring have been identified.  However, one remains a mystery, a nameless woman known only by the codename 355.  Her only appearance in coded documentation is in the missive from Abraham Woodhull: “I intend to visit 727 (code name for New York) before long and think by the assistance of a 355 (code for ‘woman’) of my acquaintance, shall be able to out wit them all.”

She was believed to be within an important Tory family in New York, who could maneuver through offices and courtyards of New York’s British society gleaning information which she would pass along via a bevy of secretive methods. It is speculated that 355 passed along critical information that eventually exposed the treason of Benedict Arnold and later assisted in the arrest of British intelligent officer John Andre.

She was rumored to be the lover and possibly Common law wife of fellow spy Robert Townsend and pregnant with his child when she was captured — possibly Arnold himself ratted her out — and thrown aboard the notorious prison ship HMS Jersey in New York harbor.  She delivered the child — a boy, Robert Townsend Jr — but died aboard the fetid conditions on the ship.

Sadly, it all may be a little too good to be true. There was a Robert Townsend Jr., son of the famous spy, who eventually entered New York politics and was even involved in the very first incarnation of the Prison Ship Martyrs Memorial in Fort Greene. But genealogists have not been successful in tracing his lineage to a woman of any mysterious import.

Or could Agent 355 have been Anna Strong or Elizabeth Burgin or Mary Underhill or Sally Townsend - all have strong possibilities to be the secret agent 355.

 

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