Pearl Harbor - Infamous Day and American Entrance into World War 2

Pearl Harbor - Infamous Day and American Entrance into World War 2

On Sunday morning, December 7, 1941 at Pearl Harbor, Oahu in the Hawaiin islands, there was a surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base where the Pacific Fleet was being kept, by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II.  The strike climaxed a decade of worsening relations between the United States and Japan.

In July 1939, the U.S. announced the termination of the 1911 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Japan.  Beginning in the summer of 1940, the U.S. began to restrict the export to Japan of materials useful in war.  Between June 1940 and the fateful crisis of December 1941, the tension constantly mounted. In July 1941, by which time the Japanese had occupied all of Indochina and had entered into an alliance with the Axis powers (Germany and Italy), the U.S. government severed all commercial and financial relations with Japan.  Japanese assets were frozen, and an embargo was declared on shipments to Japan of petroleum and other vital war materials.  Militarists were steadily gaining in influence in the Tokyo government; they bitterly resented U.S. aid to China, which by this time had been stepped up.  Nonetheless, negotiations looking to find some kind of understanding between the United States and Japan took place through the autumn of 1941, and not until near the end of November did it become clear that no agreement was possible.

The first Japanese dive-bomber appeared over Pearl Harbor at 7:55 am (local time).  It was part of a first wave of nearly 200 aircraft, including torpedo planes, bombers, and fighters.  Within a quarter of an hour the various airfields at the base were subjected to savage attack.  At the same time a massive action was directed against Kimmel’s fleet.  The ships anchored in the harbor made perfect targets for the Japanese bombers, and, because it was Sunday morning (a time chosen by the Japanese for maximum surprise), they were not fully manned.  Most of the damage to the battleships was inflicted in the first 30 minutes of the assault.  The battleship USS Arizona blew up with a tremendous explosion.  Riddled with bombs and torpedoes, the USS West Virginia settled on an even keel on the bottom of the harbor.  The USS Oklahoma, hit by four torpedoes within five minutes, rolled completely over, with its bottom and propeller rising above the waters of the harbor.  The USS California, the flagship of the Pacific Battle Force, was torpedoed and ordered abandoned as it slowly sank in shallow water.  The target ship USS Utah also was sunk. Hardly a vessel escaped damage.  The anti-aircraft crews on the various vessels were fairly prompt in getting into action, and army personnel fired with what they had, but the force of the attack was in no serious way too great to stop.

We review several short videos and then as always we discuss the 25 Interesting Facts about the Attack on Pearl Harbor!

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